Package Management (Go Modules)Intermediate
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bashHow does Go Modules (go.mod) handle dependency management and semantic versioning?
Explanation & Concept
Go Modules is Go's official package dependency system, defined by `go.mod` and locked by `go.sum`.
It uses **Minimal Version Selection (MVS)**: the compiler selects the minimal version that satisfies all module constraints, avoiding unexpected breaking updates.
Code Example
bash
# Initialize a new module
go mod init github.com/username/service
# Add dependencies automatically
go get github.com/google/uuid
# Clean up unused dependencies and populate go.sum
go mod tidyHow It Works & Key Takeaways
`go.sum` contains cryptographic hashes of downloaded packages, preventing supply-chain tampering across development environments.
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