Data ClassesIntermediate
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pythonWhat are Python Data Classes and how do they compare to standard classes?
Explanation & Concept
Introduced in Python 3.7, `@dataclass` automatically generates boilerplate methods like `__init__()`, `__repr__()`, and `__eq__()` based on class type annotations.
Setting `frozen=True` makes data classes immutable and hashable (usable as dictionary keys or set elements).
Code Example
python
from dataclasses import dataclass
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class Customer:
id: int
name: str
email: str
active: bool = True
c1 = Customer(1, "Dana", "dana@example.com")
print(c1) # Customer(id=1, name='Dana', email='dana@example.com', active=True)
# c1.name = "New" -> Raises FrozenInstanceError!How It Works & Key Takeaways
Data classes eliminate hundreds of lines of repetitive constructor and comparison code while promoting typed data modeling.
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