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rustHow does asynchronous programming work in Rust with async/await and Tokio?
Explanation & Concept
In Rust, an `async fn` returns a state machine implementing the `Future` trait. Futures in Rust are **lazy**: they do nothing until polled by an asynchronous runtime like **Tokio**.
Code Example
rust
// Requires tokio runtime in Cargo.toml
// #[tokio::main]
// async fn main() {
// let response = fetch_data().await;
// println!("Response: {}", response);
// }
async fn fetch_data() -> String {
// Simulates non-blocking async wait
"Data loaded asynchronously".to_string()
}How It Works & Key Takeaways
Because Rust futures are stack-allocated state machines that execute only when polled, they use minimal memory and incur zero runtime thread-switching penalties.
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